A multi-approach monitoring of particulate matter, metals and PAHs in an urban street canyon.
粒子状物質、金属と都市通り峡谷のPAHsのマルチ・アプローチ・モニタリング。
2013-1-17
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2013;
Dipt. Scienze per la Biologia, la Geologia e l'Ambiente, Università degli Studi del Sannio, via Port'Arsa 11, Benevento, Italy.
Abstract
For the first time until now, the results from a prediction model (Atmospheric Dispersion Modelling System (ADMS)-Road) of pollutant dispersion in a street canyon were compared to the results obtained from biomonitors. In particular, the instrumental monitoring of particulate matter (PM10) and the biomonitoring of 14 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and 11 metals by Quercus ilex leaves and Hypnum cupressiforme moss bags, acting as long- and short-term accumulators, respectively, were carried out. For both PAHs and metals, similar bioaccumulation trends were observed, with higher concentrations in biomonitors exposed at the leeward canyon side, affected by primary air vortex. The major pollutant accumulation at the leeward side was also predicted by the ADMS-Road model, on the basis of the prevailing wind direction that determines different exposure of the street canyon sides to pollutants emitted by vehicular traffic. A clear vertical (3, 6 and 9 m) distribution gradient of pollutants was not observed, so that both the model and biomonitoring results suggested that local air turbulences in the street canyon could contribute to uniform pollutant distribution at different heights.
特に、粒子状物質（PM10）の器械のモニタリングとカシ属トキワガシ葉とHypnum cupressiformeコケ・バッグによる14の多環式芳香族炭化水素（PAHs）と11の金属のバイオモニタリングは、それぞれ長期および短期アキュムレーター作用して、実施された。
PAHsと金属のために、より高い濃度が風下の峡谷側で露出して、初期空気の渦に影響を受けるバイオ監視装置にあって、類似の生体内蓄積傾向は観察された。
車両の交通によって発される汚染物質に通り峡谷側の異なる露顕を決定する一般的な風向を基礎として、風下の側の主要汚染物質蓄積は、ADMS-通りモデルでも予測された。
汚染物質の明確な垂直（3、6と9m）配布勾配は観察されなかった、そのため、モデルとバイオモニタリング結果は通り峡谷の局所乱気流が異なる高所で同一の汚染物質配布に関与することができることを示唆した。
